Section 3(i) of the JJ Act, 2015 establishes the Principle of Presumption of Innocence — any child shall be presumed innocent of any mala fide or criminal intent up to the age of 18 years. This principle applies universally regardless of the nature of the offence (murder, gang rape, etc.) or whether the Board has ordered the child to be tried as an adult. None of the listed situations removes this presumption under the Act.

Section 19(3) of the JJ Act, 2015 provides that the Children's Court shall ensure the child found in conflict with law is sent to a place of safety until they attain 21 years of age, after which the person is transferred to jail. During stay at the place of safety, reformative services including education, skill development, counselling, behaviour modification therapy, and psychiatric support must be provided. Section 19(4) additionally mandates annual follow-up reports by a probation officer or social worker.

Under Section 16 of the JJ Act, 2015: (1) The Chief Judicial Magistrate or Chief Metropolitan Magistrate reviews pendency every three months and can direct more frequent sittings or recommend additional Boards. (2) A High Level Committee headed by the Executive Chairperson of the State Legal Services Authority reviews pendency every six months. (3) The Board furnishes pendency information to the Chief Judicial Magistrate and the District Magistrate on a quarterly basis.