Class 8 : Practice Questions and Answers

Thomas Macaulay's Minute on Indian Education, written in 1835, promoted English as the medium of instruction in India. This played a key role in shaping India's education system under British rule.

The Treaty of Srirangapatna, signed in 1792, ended the Third Anglo-Mysore War. This treaty marked the end of Mysore's resistance against British expansion.

Sati was a practice where a widow would self-immolate or be forced to do so on her husband's funeral pyre. The British eventually banned this practice in the 19th century.

Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last Mughal emperor, was declared the symbolic leader of the 1857 revolt in Delhi. While his power was limited, he became a key figure in the uprising against British rule.

Bal Gangadhar Tilak, a prominent freedom fighter, coined the slogan "Swaraj is my birthright." It encouraged resistance against British rule and promoted the idea of self-rule for Indians.

The revolt of 1857 began in Meerut when Indian sepoys revolted against British rule. It quickly spread to other parts of India, including Delhi and Kanpur.

Warren Hastings was the first Governor-General of India, serving from 1773 to 1785. He played a significant role in the administration of British India.

Mahatma Gandhi led the Salt March in 1930 to protest the British salt tax. It was a key event in India's fight for independence.

Birsa Munda led the Munda Rebellion against British and zamindar exploitation in the late 19th century. He is remembered as a tribal hero and freedom fighter.

The Quit India Movement began in 1942, led by Mahatma Gandhi, demanding an end to British rule in India. It was a significant step towards independence.

Mughal architecture is known for its large domes, arches, and detailed carvings. The Taj Mahal is a famous example, blending Persian, Indian, and Islamic styles.

Jhum cultivation is a form of shifting cultivation practiced in hilly regions. Farmers clear forests for cultivation and move to new areas once the soil loses fertility.

The Non-Cooperation Movement started in 1920, led by Mahatma Gandhi. It was a peaceful protest against British rule, urging Indians to boycott British goods and institutions.

Indigo was primarily cultivated in Bengal during British rule. Farmers were forced to grow indigo for export, which led to widespread protests.

The Indian National Congress (INC) was founded in 1885. Initially, it aimed for reforms within the British system but later became the leading party for India's independence.

The Battle of Buxar occurred in 1764. It was a decisive battle in which the British defeated a coalition of Indian rulers, strengthening their rule in Bengal.

Ashoka, the Mauryan emperor, promoted Dhamma after embracing Buddhism. His policy encouraged non-violence, religious tolerance, and moral governance.

James Mill divided Indian history into three periods: Hindu, Muslim, and British. This division reflected his view of Indian history based on the dominant powers of the time.

"Colonial" refers to the period when India was under British control. It lasted from the mid-18th century until India gained independence in 1947.

Mahatma Gandhi is called the "Father of the Indian Nation" for leading India to independence through nonviolent means. His efforts united millions in the struggle against British rule.