Case Laws in The Probation Of Offenders Act : Practice MCQ Questions & Answers with Explanations

In Ram Prakash v. State of Himachal Pradesh (AIR 1973 SC 780), the Supreme Court held that Sections 3 and 4 of the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958 are not mandatory, as they use the word 'may' rather than 'must', meaning courts have discretion in granting probation. In Phul Singh v. State of Haryana (AIR 1980 SC 249), the Court further clarified that Section 4 should neither be applied as undue leniency nor invoked in undeserving cases.