Political Science in Class 10 : Practice MCQ Questions & Answers with Explanations

Economic inequality means wealth is not distributed fairly, leaving some very rich while others struggle to meet basic needs. Democracies try to reduce this gap through fair wages, progressive taxation, and social welfare programs.

A well-functioning democracy protects people's rights and freedoms, including free speech, religious freedom, and equality. Banning the opposition or restricting rights signals a drift toward dictatorship rather than genuine democracy.

A democracy's success is measured by how actively its citizens participate in governance. High voter turnout, freedom of speech, and transparent decision-making are signs of a healthy democracy. Low participation weakens democratic institutions.

Democracies reduce inequalities through inclusive policies such as free education, job reservations for marginalized communities, and equal employment opportunities, ensuring everyone has a fair chance regardless of background.

A government is legitimate when it is formed with the approval of the people. In a democracy, leaders are elected through public voting, making the system fair. Dictatorships and monarchies, by contrast, are not elected and often rule by force.

In a democracy, power lies with the people. They elect leaders through free and fair elections and can vote them out if the government underperforms. Unlike dictatorships, democracies depend on continuous citizen participation and approval.

Democracy allows citizens to elect their representatives, ensuring their voices are heard. Participation goes beyond voting to include freedom of speech, protests, and political discussions, helping people actively shape their government.

Accountability means the government is answerable to the people for its actions. Leaders must justify their decisions and policies. If they fail to serve well, they can be questioned, criticized, or voted out in elections.

Democracy aims to reduce social inequality by ensuring equal rights and opportunities. It promotes accountability, participation, and good governance. While inequalities may persist, democracy provides mechanisms to address them through laws and policies.

A manifesto is a written document in which a political party outlines its promises and policies before an election. It helps voters understand what the party stands for and what it plans to do if elected.

The ruling party is responsible for governing, making laws, implementing policies, and managing national issues. Opposition parties check the ruling party's actions and offer alternative perspectives.

BJP (Bharatiya Janata Party) is one of India's largest political parties, established in 1980. It follows right-wing ideology and has led the central government multiple times.

A party system refers to how many political parties operate in a country:

One-party system (e.g., China, North Korea)

Two-party system (e.g., USA, UK)

Multi-party system (e.g., India, Germany)

India's multi-party system gives voters a wide range of choices.

A political alliance is formed when two or more parties join hands to contest elections or form a government, typically when no single party achieves a majority. Examples include NDA (led by BJP) and UPA (led by Congress).

The Election Commission of India (ECI) is responsible for conducting elections, registering parties, monitoring election expenses, and ensuring free and fair elections, preventing any party from gaining an unfair advantage.

A regional party is active only in a specific state or region and focuses on local issues. DMK in Tamil Nadu and TMC in West Bengal are strong regional parties with limited influence in national politics.

A national party has a significant presence across multiple states. The Indian National Congress (INC) is a well-established national party. In contrast, Samajwadi Party and Rashtriya Janata Dal are primarily active in specific states, making them regional parties.

In a two-party system, two major political parties dominate governance. One wins elections and forms the government, while the other serves as the opposition. The United States, with the Democratic and Republican parties, is a classic example.

Caste influences voting patterns across many parts of India. Political parties often appeal to specific caste groups and promise targeted benefits to secure their support, affecting both candidate selection and policymaking.

A political party contests elections to win power and form the government. Once elected, it works on creating laws, implementing policies, and addressing public concerns.