1.
The disease that causes breakdown of the pulmonary alveoli, thus increasing the size of the air spaces and decreasing the surface area, is called
A
emphysema.
B
asthma.
C
tuberculosis
D
pneumonia.
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The disease that causes breakdown of the pulmonary alveoli, thus increasing the size of the air spaces and decreasing the surface area, is called
emphysema.
asthma.
tuberculosis
pneumonia.
Which of the following conditions could not result from trauma?
epistaxis
pneumothorax
eupnea
collapsed lung
Which of the following conditions does not apply directly to the lungs?
pneumonia
influenza
emphysema
tuberculosis
Which statement is true concerning the laryngotrachial bud?
It forms from endoderm.
It forms during the fourth week of development.
It gives rise to the trachea.
All of the above are true
During embryonic development, the olfactory placode becomes
the nasal cavity.
the larynx.
the trachea.
the lung.
The two cranial nerves that transmit sensory information to the brain from the peripheral, respiratory chemoreceptors are
the facial and vagus nerves.
the facial and glossopharyngeal nerves.
the glossopharyngeal and hypoglossal nerves.
the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves.
Which of the following does (do) not contain respiratory chemoreceptors?
aortic arch
carotid arteries
lungs
medulla oblongata
The diaphragm is innervated by
the inspiratory nerves.
the phrenic nerves.
the vagus nerves.
the intercostal nerves.
The principal respiratory center that directly controls breathing is located in
the cerebrum.
the hypothalamus.
the lung.
the medulla oblongata.
When the "wind" is knocked out of a football player because of a hard blow to the thorax or abdomen, the airthat is actually forced out of his lungs is
the tidal volume.
the vital capacity.
the residual volume.
the inspiratory reserve volume.
When a person takes a very deep breath of air just prior to diving into water, this volume of air is referred to as
the tidal volume.
the vital capacity.
the residual volume.
the inspiratory reserve volume.
Air that is moved in and out of the lungs during normal quiet breathing is called
tidal volume.
vital capacity.
residual volume.
inspiratory reserve volume.
Which of the following muscles does (do) not contract during extreme forced expiration—as in coughing?
the internal intercostals
the transverse abdominis
the diaphragm
the internal abdominal oblique
When the external intercostal muscles contract, the thoracic volume increases
vertically.
anteroposteriorly.
inferiorly.
superiorly.
The principal muscles responsible for the inspiration phase of pulmonary ventilation are
the diaphragm and internal intercostal muscles.
the scalenes and internal intercostal muscles.
the internal and external intercostal muscles.
the diaphragm, external intercostal muscles, and internal intercostal muscles (interchondral part).
The pleurae perform all of the following functions except that of
separating the thoracic viscera.
secreting serous fluid.
forming an effective pressure chamber.
facilitating the diffusion of respiratory gases.
Of the following serous membranes, the one that lines the thoracic walls and the thoracic surface of the diaphragm is
the parietal pleura.
the pleural peritoneum.
the mediastinal pleura.
the visceral pleura.
Which of the following statements is false concerning the structure of the left lung?
It is subdivided into a superior lobe and an inferior lobe.
It contains a cardiac notch.
It contains 10 bronchial segments.
Its apex extends above the level of the clavicle.
The region where a bronchus and pulmonary vessel enter and exit the lung is
the capsule.
the base.
the hilum.
the apex.
Which of the following statements is false concerning the pulmonary alveoli?
They are lined with ciliated epithelium.
They are moistened with surfactant.
They number about 350 million per lung.
They permit diffusion of respiratory gases.