Mohiniyattam is a classical dance form that originated in Kerala. The name means 'dance of the enchantress Mohini'. It is characterized by graceful, swaying movements and is performed exclusively by women. It is one of the eight classical dance forms recognized by the Sangeet Natak Akademi.

Rukmini Devi Arundale (1904–1986) was a pioneering Indian dancer and choreographer who revived and popularised Bharatanatyam, a classical dance form from Tamil Nadu. She founded Kalakshetra Foundation in Chennai in 1936, which became a premier institution for classical arts.