21.
Most of the glucose that is filtered through the glomerulus undergoes reabsorption in the
A
proximal tubule
B
descending limp of the loop of Henle
C
ascending limb of the loop of Henle
D
distal tubule
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Most of the glucose that is filtered through the glomerulus undergoes reabsorption in the
proximal tubule
descending limp of the loop of Henle
ascending limb of the loop of Henle
distal tubule
More hydrogen is secreted in
alkalosis
administration of diamox
hypokalaemia
hyperventilation.
Major determinants of plasma osmolarity include all the following except
sodium
hemoglobin
chloride
albumin
K+ excretion is markedly influenced by
aldosterone
amount of Na+ delivered to tubules
rate of tubular secretion of H+
all of the above
In the presence of ADH, The distal nephron is least permeable to
water
ammonia
urea
sodium
In the distal tubules, sodium reabsorption is increased directly by increased
sympathetic nerve stimulation of the kidney
atrial natriuretic hormone secretion
antidiuretic hormone secretion
aldosterone secretion
In controlling the synthesis and secretion of aldosterone, which of the following factors is least important ?
renin
angiotensin II
concentration of plasma Na+
adrenocorticotropic hormone ( ACTH )
H+ secretion in the distal nephron is enhanced by all the following except
an increase in the level of plasma aldosterone
an increase in the tubular luminal concentration of poorly reabsorbable anions
hyperkalemia
metabolic acidosis
Glomerular filtration rate would be increased by
constriction of the afferent arteriole
a decrease in afferent arteriolar pressure
compression of the renal capsule
a decrease in the concentration of plasma protein
Extracellular bicarbonate ions serve as effective buffer for all the following except
sulfuric acid
phosphate acid
lactic acid
carbonic acid
Diamox causes
water diuresis
hypokalaemia
alkalosis
all of the above
Carbonic anhydrase plays an important role in all the following except
the renal handing of – within the cells of the proximal tubule
the renal handling of – within the lumen of proximal tubule
the renal handling of – within the cells of the tubules of the distal nephron
the renal handling of – within the lumen of the tubules of the distal nephron
An increase in the osmolarity of the extracellular compartment will
stimulate the volume and osmoreceptors, and inhibit ADH secretion
inhibit the volume and osmoreceptors, and stimulate ADH secretion
inhibit the volume and osmoreceptors, and inhibit ADH secretion
stimulate the volume and osmoreceptors, and stimulate ADH secretion
An increase in the concentration of plasma potassium causes increase in
release of renin
secretion of aldosterone
secretion of ADH
release of natriuretic hormone
Ammonia is an affective important urinary buffer for which of the following reasons
its production in the kidney decrease during chronic acidosis
the walls of the renal tubules are impermeable to
the walls of the renal tubules are impermeable to
its acid base reaction has a low pKa
Amino acids are almost completely reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate via active transport in the
proximal tubule
loop of Henle
distal tubule
collecting duct
All the following statements are true of the H+ secreted into the lumen of the distal nephron except
can combine with +
can combine with
can combine with HPO
can remains as free H