Palghat Pass (also called Palakkad Gap) is located between the Nilgiri Hills to the north and the Anaimalai Hills to the south in the Western Ghats. It is a natural break in the Western Ghats through which the Bharatapuzha river flows and is strategically important for transportation between Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

Lipulekh Pass is located in Uttarakhand, at the trijunction of India, China, and Nepal. It is an important trade and pilgrimage route used for the Kailash-Mansarovar Yatra. The pass has been a subject of territorial dispute between India and Nepal.