In Buddhist philosophy, Tanha (craving or desire) is identified as the root cause of suffering (Dukkha) per the Four Noble Truths, and the Middle Way — also known as the Noble Eightfold Path — is the prescribed path to alleviate it by avoiding the extremes of self-indulgence and self-mortification. Karma relates to moral causation across lives; Ahimsa and renunciation are more central to Jainism and Hinduism; and Moksha with bhakti are Hindu concepts.